I always see commercials about Type 1 and 2 diabetes, what are they exactly and what causes them? Please help!

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When you have suffered from type 2 diabetes, the body does not respond correctly to insulin, which is called insulin resistance, means that fat, liver, and muscle cells do not respond normally to insulin. As a result blood sugar does not get into cells to be stored for energy. It generally occurs slowly. When sugar cannot enter cells, abnormally high levels of sugar build up in the blood. This is called hyperglycemia. High level of blood sugar regularly activates the pancreas to create more and more insulin, but it not enough to keep up with the body’s demand. Mostly fatty people are suffer from diabetes that does not mean, the thin people are not suffers from diabetes, type 2 diabetes can also develop in those who are thin, especially the elderly.

Risk factors of type 2 diabetes

Age greater than 45 years
HDL cholesterol of less than 35 mg/dL or triglyceride level of greater than 250 mg/dL
High blood pressure
History of gestational diabetes
Previously identified impaired glucose tolerance by your doctor
Race/ethnicity (African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Native Americans all have high rates of diabetes)

Symptoms/Signs of type 2 diabetes

Many people with type 2 diabetes have no symptoms, and regularly exposed accidently after routine medical check-ups or following screening tests for other conditions. In the recent time, if you may also have noticed a change in your weight. You may have increased some (causing diabetes) or lost some as a result of high blood glucose levels.

Symptoms/signs of type 2 diabetes

Increased thirst
Increased hunger
Fatigue
Increased urination, especially at night
Weight loss
Blurred vision
Sores that do not heal

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Type 2 Diabetes Treatment

Type 2 Diabetes treatment requires a life-long commitment. The goal of a Type 2 Diabetes treatment plan is to control the blood sugar level in your body and to help make the cells in your body less resistant to insulin. If you are diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes, or even if you are at a higher risk of the onset of the illness, it is important that you begin a Type 2 Diabetes treatment and prevention plan as soon as possible. A successful Type 2 Diabetes treatment plan will involve monitoring your blood sugar level as well as doing things that will minimize the onset of symptoms.

If you have been diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes, the first step in your Type 2 Diabetes treatment plan is educating yourself and learning as much as you can about the prevention and management of the disease. The disease is a chronic, life-long disease that can result in the onset of more serious and sometimes life-threatening illnesses, such as heart disease and stroke.

There are certain things that can cause changes in your blood sugar levels. These include foods, lack of physical activity, medications, other illnesses, consumption of alcohol, stress, and fluctuation in hormone levels experienced by women during the menstrual cycle. Knowing the factors that can contribute to changes in your blood sugar levels and monitoring your blood sugar levels on a regular basis can help to greatly reduce the risks of increased blood sugar levels.

An extremely important part of a Type 2 Diabetes treatment program is healthy diet. There are many foods that contribute to the increase in blood sugar levels, and while it may not be necessary to completely avoid these foods, it is necessary to balance these foods with a healthy diet of that is high in nutrition and low in fat. A healthy diet should include plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables, and whole-grain foods. Not only will a healthy diet give you more energy and an overall good feeling, but a healthy diet combined with a regular exercise regimen can help to eliminate obesity, one of the leading factors in the onset of Type 2 Diabetes.

Regular exercise along with a healthy diet can help to prevent or delay the onset of Type 2 Diabetes symptoms. Regular exercise helps to maintain your muscles, cardiovascular system, and nervous system – all of which work together to make your cells less resistant to the insulin that your body creates naturally.

For some people, a Type 2 Diabetes treatment plan that includes a healthy diet, regular exercising, and close monitoring of blood sugar levels may not be enough to prevent the disease from worsening and causing the onset of more serious complication. In these cases, your physician may recommend that your Type 2 diabetes plan include medications or insulin therapy. Before you begin a treatment that involves medication, be sure to discuss with your physician any possible side effects and any interactions with other drugs or foods that may occur.

Lifelong Commitment  

A successful Type 2 Diabetes treatment plan requires a lifetime commitment that involves leading a healthy lifestyle, monitoring blood sugar levels, and working to prevent or delay any serious complications that may be caused by Type 2 Diabetes. As with most anything that you embark on in life, education is going to be the key to your success. And, in the case of Type 2 Diabetes, the saying “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” is right on spot. Type 2 Diabetes is a disease that can be prevented by leading a healthy lifestyle as early in life as possible. Not only does this decreases the risk of contracting Type 2 Diabetes, but decreases your risk of many other illnesses that may be more serious and life threatening. Remember, healthy is as healthy does.

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A proper diet, losing weight, exercising more and stopping smoking should all be the aims of a Diabetes Type 2 sufferer. When following a diabetes type two diet, emphasis is always placed on carbohydrate consumption.

As type 2 diabetics have to maintain low blood glucose levels, they have to limit their consumption of foods high in carbohydrates. Foods full of sugar like chocolate, most breads, sweets, cakes and biscuits are full of carbohydrates and are called simple carbohydrates.

Some other foods such as grains and cereals are high in complex carbohydrates which are much better for the diabetic than simple carbohydrates. Basically this type of food breaks down glucose much slower than simple carbohydrates do.

Besides complex carbohydrates, the diabetes diet should include lots of fruit, vegetables and proteins from eggs, lean meat cuts and dairy products. All this maintains a healthy and varied balance in the diet.

A dietician is the best person to give you advice on starting a type two Diabetes Diet. They not only provide advice on the right foods to eat, they also take your overall health profile in consideration to choose the right foods that help you enjoy your food while maintaining health.

Exercising regularly is also a requisite for all type 2 diabetes sufferers. Exercises like walking, jogging, gym sessions and even playing with kids help in improving the body’s sensitivity to insulin in a type 2 diabetic.

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You may wonder how diabetes can go undiagnosed when one gets a physical every year. Unless you have symptoms that alert you to the fact that additional diabetes testing may need to be done the necessary test may not be performed. One reason may be that a fasting blood sugar at the time of your annual physical may be normal. Likewise, a random blood glucose level at the time of your physical may be normal. If HgbA1C is done at a physical it may, also, be normal if the person is experiencing lows as well as highs in blood sugar. HgbA1C represents an average blood sugar range.

Noticing of unusual body symptoms and relaying those to your health care provider is important to diagnosing of diabetes. Mentioning those symptoms may result in more tests being performed. There are other tests like a 2 hour glucose test in which the monitoring of blood glucose levels takes place every one-half hour after drinking a specially formulated drink with a known amount of carbohydrate. This 2 hour glucose test can help diagnose diabetes that could be missed with fasting or random blood sugar testing. It is often used with a family history of diabetes so family history is an important piece of information to relay to your health care provider as well.

A diabetic may still have high blood glucose even after treatment so this is why self monitoring of blood glucose is very important to check to see if blood sugar levels are normal. With hyperglycemia or high blood sugar your diabetes is out of control. Factors that cause blood glucose to increase include more food than usual, emotional stress, infection, physical stress like being in pain or being sick, getting less exercise than usual, not taking enough or the right diabetes medication, and extra sugar produced by the liver.

Blood sugar levels are considered to be above normal when they rise above 100 or 120 mg/dL before meals or above 140 or 160 mg/dL 2 hours after a meal. This happens to everyone with diabetes at times but if this happens often, it is problematic and needs attention. It is important to keep blood glucose levels normal to help prevent the symptoms and complications of type 2 diabetes as outlined above. Symptoms of type 1 diabetes and type 1.5 or 3 diabetes will be outlined in another topic.

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